Packing definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Leighton spent his weekend illing, cold chilling, maxing, relaxing, kicking it, flipping it, running it hot, hitting it raw, cracking and packing. Gerrymandering is a practice intended to establish an unfair political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries, which is most commonly used in firstpastthepost electoral systems. Cracking entails drawing lines to ensure the opposing partys. Cracking definition in the cambridge english dictionary. The word gerrymander comes from a famous case of redistricting in massachusetts in 1812.
Grouping of political adversaries, racial vote dilution or exclusion, packing, cracking, and stacking multimember districts. Structural failure due to scc can be very unpredictablefailure could occur after as little as a few hours of exposure, or the equipment could continue to function normally for. There are two main strategies behind gerrymandering, packing and cracking. The rate of cracking and the end products are strongly dependent on the. At the heart of the issue is whether the common techniques of cracking and packing diluting an opposing partys clout by either spreading its supporters out to prevent a majority on the. Cracking definition is very impressive or effective.
Packing redistricting in which partisan voters are concentrated in a single district to minimize the number of elections they can influence in other districts wesberry v. Cracking is defined as a process, wherein complex organic molecules namely long chain hydrocarbons or kerogens are broken down into smaller molecules namely light hydrocarbons. Packing is when the boundaries are changed in such a way that the opponents voters are confined to a smaller number of districts. Although its true that both services lead to a finishedproductprivate labeled product.
Defining the difference between a crack and a craze. Study 47 terms political science flashcards quizlet. With cracking, you dilute an areas voting power by slicing up its congressional representation. Packing, cracking and the art of gerrymandering around. Often misunderstood and confused, copacking and private labeling are two distinctly different services. Packing occurs when many supporters of the victim party are jammed into a small number of districts, giving them a few overwhelming wins. In the case of north carolinas 12th district, the lines were drawn using packing to ensure that it was a. Plan 4 democrats packing and cracking republican areas.
A third tactic, shown in the topleft diagram in the graphic, is homogenization of all districts. That helps the governing party win surrounding districts where the oppositions strength has been diluted to create the packed district. Cracking dilutes the opposing base across the entire state, and redistributes more of their own base into those districts in the process. Ap human geography unit 4 political human geography. Decomposition of a complex substance by the application of steam, a catalyst, or heat, especially the breaking of petroleum molecules into shorter. To understand the case and the issues that confront citizens of all states, we need to understand more about the cracking and packing of. Packing packing concentrates supporters for a particular partycandidate into a single district, thereby decreasing their ability to influence the outcome of surrounding districts. With cracking, a large concentrated black population is divided among two or more districts so that blacks will not have a majority anywhere. Change your default dictionary to american english. This cracking resulting from a material being underbound is observed in nature when a riverbed or lakebed dries up. Packing concentrates supporters for a particular party. Cracking definition of cracking by medical dictionary. Dictionary grammar blog school scrabble thesaurus translator quiz more resources more from collins. By thus reducing the total number of districts that were likely to elect democrats, the drafters hoped to limit democratic representation in the state legislature and to maintain republican control of the body even following elections in which democrats won a majority of.
In addition to its use achieving desired electoral results for a particular party, gerrymandering may be u. Techniques used to redraw electoral boundaries to favor one political party over another. Urban residents in austin certainly share some common concerns in austin, but they are cracked between 5 different members of congress. These two processes operate in tension with one another, but both can be implemented by a party in power seeking to maximize its electoral chances through gerrymandering.
Packing noun definition and synonyms macmillan dictionary. Redistricting is a hardknuckled game, in which voters often lose. Packing is the paper, plastic, or other material which is put round things that are. This phenomenon is the reason our crackle paste works. Packing definition is the action or process of packing something. Six months ago, senate redistricting committee chairman bob rucho, a mecklenburg county republican, was bold and declarative about legislative congressional maps, putting the state on notice that. I am very concerned about this also my neck is always stiff feeling and aching all the time. Gerrymandering reduces the number of competitive congressional races across the united states by segregating likeminded voters from each other. Definition and synonyms of packing from the online english dictionary from macmillan education. Terry madonna and michael young compare cracking sense 2. Stacking, cracking and packing american civil liberties. Packing and cracking for partisan purposes is not technically illegal despite its absolutely questionable nature. Tests statelevel reforms resources blog about team donate. Cracking meaning types of cracking organic chemistry.
Cracking minority party members apart dilutes or eliminates their. Packing definition, the act or work of a person or thing that packs. Fracking is a slang term for hydraulic fracturing, which is the process of creating fractures in rocks and rock formations by injecting specialized fluid into cracks to. The basic difference is that a hacker uses their extensive knowledge of computer logic and code, while a cracker looks for back doors in programs, and exploits those back doors. Preferably in seattle with a blunt object such as a baseball bat. Support our response to covid19 your gift will fund our critical work to protect voting rights, demand that vulnerable people in prisons, jails and immigration detention centers be released, and fight to ensure reproductive health care. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Cracking definition, in the distillation of petroleum or the like the process of breaking down certain hydrocarbons into simpler ones of lower boiling points by means of excess heat, distillation under pressure, etc.
The processing and packaging of manufactured products, especially food products. Packing concentrates members of a group in single district, thereby allowing the other party to win remainder districts cracking, stacking. The governor at the time, elbridge gerry, signed a map into law that included a district shaped like a salamander. Stress corrosion cracking scc is a progressive fracturing that occurs in metals as a result of the combined influence of tensile stress and a corrosive environment. Packing can be used to ensure that a minority group also is represented in congress. Cracking and packing both refer to specific ways of drawing legislative boundaries with the outcomes of elections in mind. Packing, cracking and the art of gerrymandering around milwaukee. Packing and cracking districts sc women in leadership.
The classic in mission two you experience the classic abuse of the redistricting system. Packing definition of packing by the free dictionary. Gerrymandering definition and examples in politics. In this plan, democrats can really push their luck and draw three districts of democrats and 12 republicans and one district of one democrat and 24 republicans. It is caused by the breaking of carboncarbon bonds. Here are the colorful, and telling, terms used by insiders. Gerrymandering has become common in american politics and is often blamed for the gridlock in congress, polarization of the electorate and disenfranchisement among voters. In this strategy, congressional districts are drawn in order to put as.
Cracking definition and meaning collins english dictionary. In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or longchain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carboncarbon bonds in the precursors. Voting rights stacking, cracking and packing youtube. Supreme court must set limits on political manipulation of voting districts. Cracking definition of cracking by the free dictionary. Cracking means dispersing a group of voters into several districts to prevent them from reaching a majority. They only know the process of cracking the security networks and they lack the advanced knowledge. Packing meaning in the cambridge english dictionary.
Packing and cracking there are two main gerrymandering strategies. The procedure of senselessly beating up homeless peoplecrackheads on the street with a group of friends andor associates. Gerrymandering is achieved by either cracking or packing voters into districts. It relies on being underbound just enough to develop a cracked. You use cracking to describe something you think is very good or exciting. Methods of drawing district boundaries that minimize black representation. Rhymes with packing merriamwebster rhyming dictionary. Cracking and packing texas congressional districts texas. Packing ensures seats, but fewer than they would have had. Gerrymandering is one of those words named after an individual, elbridge gerry wikipedia pronounced gary my polisci prof knew one of his descendants, although the term is usually pronounced jerrymandering.